History
Madrid was originally called Mayrit. Toledo had been the main city before Madrid. Madrid gained importance after the Arabs decided to occupy Madrid. Madrid was one of the cities where they allowed people from all different cultures. Madrid was decided to be the capital of Spain by a king, Alfonso I, in 1083. All symbols of the Muslim world were removed and some of the culture was lost.
History of Buildings, Parks, etc.
The Main Square (Plaza Mayor) was built under the order from Jhon II in the 13th century. Later, the building of El Padro Palace was ordered to be built by another king, Enrique III. This palace was built to be used as shelter for royal visits.
History of the Government
When they noticed that Madrid kept growing in size, the government decided to move the Spanish Court from Toledo to Madrid. Soon, the Spanish Court moved to Valladolid in 1601, but it returned back to Madrid 5 years later.
The Spanish War
The Spanish War took place during the 19th century. This sad but historic time was a bloody time. The French and citizens of Madrid took part in this war. The French were trying to take over the Madrid territory. This battle took place on May 2nd 1808. During this time, the Spanish War of Independence took place as well.
Electing President
After the death of General Franco in the 20th century, the Spanish Constitution of 1978 decided to make Madrid the capital city of Spain. The first democratic local elections were held in Madrid in 1979 to choose the first city mayor. They elected Enrique Tierno Galván as the first governor. Madrid had then grown in size, and the population of the metropolitan reached 3 million residents and nearly 6 million people in total.
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